皮带助卷器液压回路原理设计及故障诊断

通过对冷轧后处理机组皮带助卷器的结构和运动特点的分析,进行了液压回路的设计;利用仿真软件对该液压回路进行动态仿真验证。在现场调试过程中,发现该液压回路不能保压。经排查,最后通过实验的方法找到问题原因。通过该问题的解决过程得知:在设计液压原理时,不但要选择合理的液压回路及阀件,还必须充分考虑油缸的内泄漏对系统的影响,并应提出油缸内泄漏的要求和减小内泄漏的措施。     

An investigation of the repetitive failure in an aircraft engine cylinder head

Cylinder head (CH) failures in aircraft piston engine may have serious or fatal consequences to the safety of the crew and the aircraft. Moreover, when failure becomes undoubtedly repetitive and critical resulting in loss of aircraft, destruction of properties, and first and foremost loss of human lives, the cause of the failure requires to be investigated using a scientific approach. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and identify the root cause of a repetitive premature failure in an aircraft engine CH.The piston engine of the training aircraft Utva-75 has malfunctioned during the flight due to the cracking of its aluminum cast CH. It has been the second engine failure of this type of aircraft due to the cracking in the CH in a very short span of time. From the visual examination of the mating fracture surfaces, it has been possible to observe typical beach and ratchet marks indicating the occurrence of fatigue failure. The crack has initiated from multiple origins located on the inner flange fillet on the exhaust side of the CH. Further examinations by using scanning electron microscopy as well as energy dispersive spectroscopy and metallography have shown that the fatigue had promoted from pre-existing material defect due to a high concentration of shrinkage pores at the initiation crack site and can be most likely associated with the manufacturing process of casting. The stress analysis of the cylinder assembly, carried out by means of finite element analysis, has also confirmed that the crack origin was located at the most stressed area of the cylinder assembly i.e. on the inner flange fillet of the exhaust side of the CH.This case study, together with the other recently reported, has definitely confirmed the repetitive and therefore systematic problems with the CH of air cooled, horizontally opposed, aircraft piston engines.     

Failure analysis of a diesel engine cylinder head based on finite element method

Macro fatigue cracks are expected to occur in valve bridges of cylinder head when engine is operating in normal working condition. In order to determine the causes of these failures, stress analysis is carried out using finite element method with a concern of temperature dependency of material properties. Mechanical and thermal properties of material tested at high temperatures are applied to the finite element analysis. Furthermore, temperatures of the cylinder head in actual working condition are measured to validate the simulation results of finite element analysis. After that, stress computation is performed and the regions of stress concentration on the flame deck surface are obtained. The analysis results of stress show that the regions of stress concentration are in agreement with the actual failure regions of the cylinder head. When analyzing the failures on the flame deck surface of a cylinder head by evaluating stress concentration, temperature’s effect on mechanical strength of material should not be ignored. The methodology of failure analysis proposed in this paper is time-saving and also relatively accurate and predictive in actual engineering practice.     

MELTING OF ICE AROUND A HORIZONTAL ISOTHERMAL CYLINDRICAL HEAT SOURCE

Processes during melting from a horizontal cylindrical heat source of uniform surface temperature embedded in ice have been studied experimentally. The volume of the melt and its shape were photographed at different times for various constant temperatures of the heat source. At early times and under all conditions, the melt occupied a cylindrical annulus. At later times free convective motion caused pear-shaped melt contours which pointed downward when the temperatures of the heat source were below 7°C and upward when the temperatures were above 8°C. Instabilities in cellular natural convection motion resulted in waviness of the interface. The location and magnitude of these ripples were found to depend on the temperature of the heat source and the melt layer thickness. Shadowgraph techniques were used to determine local heat transfer coefficients at the heat source surface.     

基于AMESim的阀控液压缸电液伺服系统仿真

在电液伺服控制系统设计中,由于传统的数学建模方法比较复杂,使得液压伺服系统的设计周期增长。为了准确快速地完成设计任务,本文利用面向工程设计的高级建模软件AMESim对阀控液压缸电液伺服系统进行了建模和仿真计算,并在改变系统元件参数的情况下,对电液伺服系统的动态特性进行了分析。     

水平井解释处理技术及在新疆某井的应用

介绍了水平井处理技术及其测井资料解释方法，并给出了应用实例。该处理技术是把水平井测井资料转换为井眼轨迹信息和储层特性参数信息，最终绘制出各种图件和图表。以便测井分析家和地质分析家进行地层对比，更好更准确地评价油气层，而且还为水平井今后测试、采油等工作提供了重要参考资料。     

BTD-NICC型氧压机的扩缸再用

针对BTD-NICC型氧压机缸内表面磨损严重的问题,在气缸强度允许的条件下,通过计算证明两次扩大二段缸以降低温升,再两次适当地扩大一段缸来满足氧压机动力平衡是可行的。     

圆柱体表面缺陷检测的ANSYS仿真

采用交变磁场测量的圆柱体表面缺陷的ANSYS仿真,以各向同性铝圆柱体为试件,采用柱坐标系及矩形激励线圈,电流流向为圆柱体轴向.将圆柱体体划分后再对各分体局部网格划分.划分较密的缺陷部分向周围划分较疏部分过渡时,采用四面体自由划分衔接.对带有表面周向缺陷的圆柱体网格划分后,产生的单元类型为四面体与六面体的混合.其仿真采用波前求解器.仿真路径为激励线圈沿缺陷长度方向、经过缺陷中心点进行周向移动.     

附着式三角架倒模技术在钢筋混凝土筒壁结构施工中的应用

茂名石化 30万吨水泥厂共有 10座现浇钢筋混凝土筒壁式结构的水泥库 ,在施工中采用了附着式三角架倒模施工技术 ,利用已浇混凝土支承待浇混凝土自重 ,用对拉螺栓支承施工荷载 ,用附着式三角架固定模板、支撑操作平台 ,模板互相利用倒替上升 ,安全、经济、快速地完成了施工任务。     

滚筒干燥过程中叶丝状态变化对其热物性的影响

为了分析烟草热湿加工处理中的传热过程,通过自行搭建的滚筒干燥过程中烟丝热物性在线测试平台,利用瞬态平面热源法测定了滚筒干燥过程中烟丝的热物性,考察分析了该过程中烟丝温度、含水率对烟丝导热系数、热扩散系数、体积热容的影响。结果表明:①当含水率相同时,烟丝导热系数、体积热容随着烟丝温度的升高而增大,热扩散系数随温度的升高而降低;②当烟丝温度相同时,烟丝导热系数、体积热容随含水率的降低而减小,热扩散系数随着含水率的降低而增大;③干燥过程中,烟丝含水率逐渐减小,烟丝温度逐渐升高,烟丝导热系数在温度与含水率的共同作用下整体有减小的趋势,表明烟丝含水率对导热系数的影响较温度显著。